COVID-19 and bone health.

A few patients who have recovered from COVID-19 develop persistent or new symptoms that last for weeks or months; this is called "long COVID" or "post-COVID-19 syndrome." Over time, awareness of the short- and long-term consequences of COVID-19 has increased. The pulmonary consequences are now fairly well established, but little is known about the extrapulmonary system of COVID-19, particularly its effects on bones. Current evidence and reports indicate a direct relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and bone health, with SARS-CoV-2 having a significant negative effect on bone health. In this review, we analyzed the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on bone health and assessed the impact of COVID-19 on the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis.

Emergency surgical strategies for patients with acute abdomen during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Objective: To investigate the emergency surgical strategies for patients with acute abdomen during the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Method(s): The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinical data of 20 patients with acute abdomen who were admitted to the Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology between January 18, 2020 and February 10, 2020 were collected. There were 13 males and 7 females, aged from 25 to 82 years, with an average age of 57 years. All the patients with emergency surgeries received pulmonary computed tomography (CT) examination before surgery, and completed nucleic acid detection in throat swab if necessary. Patients excluded from COVID-19 underwent regular anesthesia, suspected and confirmed cases were selected a proper anesthesia based on their medical condition and surgical procedure. Patients excluded from COVID-19 underwent emergency surgeries following the regular procedure, suspected and confirmed cases underwent emergency surgeries following the three-grade protection. Observation indicators: (1) surgical situations;(2) postoperative situations. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as average (range). Count data were described as absolute numbers. Result(s): (1) Surgical situations: of the 20 patients with acute abdomen, 16 patients were excluded from COVID-19, and 4 were not excluded. All the 20 patients underwent emergency abdominal surgeries successfully, of whom 2 received surgeries under epidural anesthesia (including 1 with open appendectomy, 1 with open repair of duodenal bulbar perforation), 18 received surgeries under general anesthesia (including 9 with laparoscopic repair of duodenal bulbar perforation, 3 with open partial enterectomy, 3 with laparoscopic appendectomy, 1 with laparoscopic left hemicolectomy, 1 with laparoscopic right hemicolectomy, 1 with cholecystostomy). The operation time of patients was 32-194 minutes, with an average time of 85 minutes. The volume of intraoperative blood loss was 50-400 mL, with an average volume of 68 mL. (2) Postoperative situations: 16 patients excluded from COVID-19 preopratively were treated in the private general ward postoperatively. One of the 16 patients had fever at the postoperative 5th day and was highly suspected of COVID-19 after an emergency follow-up of pulmonary CT showing multiple ground-glass changes in the lungs. The patient was promptly transferred to the isolation ward for treatment, and results of nucleic acid detection in throat swab showed double positive. Medical history described by the patient showed that the patient and family members were residents of Wuhan who were not isolated at home during the epidemic. There was no way to confirm whether they had a history of exposure to patients with COVID-19. Medical staffs involved in this case did not show COVID-19 related symptoms during 14 days of medical observation. The other 15 patients recovered well postoperatively. The 4 patients who were not excluded from COVID-19 preoperatively based on medical history and results of pulmonary CT examination were directly transferred to the isolation ward for treatment postoperatively. They were excluded from COVID-19 for two consecutive negative results of nucleic acid detection in the throat swab and recovered well. Two of the 20 patients with acute abdomen had postoperative complications. One had surgical incision infection and recovered after secondary closure following opening incision, sterilizing and dressing, the other one had intestinal leakage and was improved after conservative treatment by abdominal drainage. There was no death in the 20 patients with acute abdomen. Conclusion(s): Patients with acute abdomen need to be screened through emergency forward. Patients excluded from COVID-19 undergo emergency surgeries following the regular procedure, and patients not excluded from COVID-19 undergo emergency surgeries following the three-grade protection. The temperature, blood routine test and other l boratory examinations are performed to monitor patients after operation, and the pulmonary CT and throat nucleic acid tests should be conducted if necessary. Patients excluded from COVID-19 preopratively are treated in the private general ward postoperatively, and they should be promptly transferred to the isolation ward for treatment after being confirmed. Patients who are not excluded from COVID-19 preoperatively based on medical history should be directly transferred to the isolation ward for treatment postoperatively.Copyright © 2020 by the Chinese Medical Association.

Emergency surgical strategies for patients with acute abdomen during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Objective: To investigate the emergency surgical strategies for patients with acute abdomen during the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Method(s): The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinical data of 20 patients with acute abdomen who were admitted to the Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology between January 18, 2020 and February 10, 2020 were collected. There were 13 males and 7 females, aged from 25 to 82 years, with an average age of 57 years. All the patients with emergency surgeries received pulmonary computed tomography (CT) examination before surgery, and completed nucleic acid detection in throat swab if necessary. Patients excluded from COVID-19 underwent regular anesthesia, suspected and confirmed cases were selected a proper anesthesia based on their medical condition and surgical procedure. Patients excluded from COVID-19 underwent emergency surgeries following the regular procedure, suspected and confirmed cases underwent emergency surgeries following the three-grade protection. Observation indicators: (1) surgical situations;(2) postoperative situations. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as average (range). Count data were described as absolute numbers. Result(s): (1) Surgical situations: of the 20 patients with acute abdomen, 16 patients were excluded from COVID-19, and 4 were not excluded. All the 20 patients underwent emergency abdominal surgeries successfully, of whom 2 received surgeries under epidural anesthesia (including 1 with open appendectomy, 1 with open repair of duodenal bulbar perforation), 18 received surgeries under general anesthesia (including 9 with laparoscopic repair of duodenal bulbar perforation, 3 with open partial enterectomy, 3 with laparoscopic appendectomy, 1 with laparoscopic left hemicolectomy, 1 with laparoscopic right hemicolectomy, 1 with cholecystostomy). The operation time of patients was 32-194 minutes, with an average time of 85 minutes. The volume of intraoperative blood loss was 50-400 mL, with an average volume of 68 mL. (2) Postoperative situations: 16 patients excluded from COVID-19 preopratively were treated in the private general ward postoperatively. One of the 16 patients had fever at the postoperative 5th day and was highly suspected of COVID-19 after an emergency follow-up of pulmonary CT showing multiple ground-glass changes in the lungs. The patient was promptly transferred to the isolation ward for treatment, and results of nucleic acid detection in throat swab showed double positive. Medical history described by the patient showed that the patient and family members were residents of Wuhan who were not isolated at home during the epidemic. There was no way to confirm whether they had a history of exposure to patients with COVID-19. Medical staffs involved in this case did not show COVID-19 related symptoms during 14 days of medical observation. The other 15 patients recovered well postoperatively. The 4 patients who were not excluded from COVID-19 preoperatively based on medical history and results of pulmonary CT examination were directly transferred to the isolation ward for treatment postoperatively. They were excluded from COVID-19 for two consecutive negative results of nucleic acid detection in the throat swab and recovered well. Two of the 20 patients with acute abdomen had postoperative complications. One had surgical incision infection and recovered after secondary closure following opening incision, sterilizing and dressing, the other one had intestinal leakage and was improved after conservative treatment by abdominal drainage. There was no death in the 20 patients with acute abdomen. Conclusion(s): Patients with acute abdomen need to be screened through emergency forward. Patients excluded from COVID-19 undergo emergency surgeries following the regular procedure, and patients not excluded from COVID-19 undergo emergency surgeries following the three-grade protection. The temperature, blood routine test and other l boratory examinations are performed to monitor patients after operation, and the pulmonary CT and throat nucleic acid tests should be conducted if necessary. Patients excluded from COVID-19 preopratively are treated in the private general ward postoperatively, and they should be promptly transferred to the isolation ward for treatment after being confirmed. Patients who are not excluded from COVID-19 preoperatively based on medical history should be directly transferred to the isolation ward for treatment postoperatively.Copyright © 2020 by the Chinese Medical Association.

5G Xhaul Provisioning Strategies in Shadows of War and Pandemic

Xhaul, a mobile transport network, is a critical lifeline in imminent global crises: the combination of the COVID-19 pandemic and geopolitical conflict. Not only did the Russia-Ukraine war cause a global energy crisis, but it also put more energy stress on the 5G Xhaul. It also shows that the sustainability of a country depends on the unbroken Xhaul. Meanwhile, the COVID-19 outbreak has triggered the largest human-virus war of this century. It needs the ubiquitous 5G Xhaul to monitor the spread of COVID-19. Once crises occur, turning them into opportunities often requires new ways of seeing, considering, and responding to the 5G Xhaul provisioning. Facing more unpredictable situations, Chunghwa Telecom (CHT), the largest service provider in Taiwan, embraces the challenges and proposes practical solutions. This study aims to discuss the new 5G Xhaul provisioning strategies to achieve sustainable development goals in this turbulent era. © 2022 IEEE.

Group risk perception and self-efficacy with individual prevention/control behaviors among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic

Objective To explore the relationship between group risk perception, self-efficacy and attitudes among college students, and its associations with individual prevention and control behaviors regarding COVID-19 pandemic. Methods From October to November 2021, data were collected among 4 092 undergraduate students from eight colleges and universities in Anhui Province, using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method. A t-teat and analysis of variance were performed for comparison between groups, while multiple linear regression was employed to investigate group risk perception, self-efficacy and attitudes among college students in terms of individual COVID-19 prevention and control measures. Results The total scores of group emotional risk perception (ARP), cognitive risk perception (CRP), distance perception (DIP) and self-efficacy were (19.72±4.01) (14.56± 3.64)(18.04±5.33) and (27.27±6.74), respectively. The total score of attitudes and beliefs was (26.15±4.54), while individual prevention and control behavior was (25.67±4.45). Emotional risk perception (B = 0.16), cognitive risk perception (B = 0.08), attitudes (B = 0.23) and self-efficacy (B = 0.13) were positively correlated with individual prevention and control behaviors of college students(P<0.05). However, distance risk perception had no significant effect (P>0.05). Conclusion Risk perception, self-efficacy and attitude of college students are correlated with individual COVID-19 prevention and control behaviors. Therefore, colleges and universities should strengthen general self-efficacy and attitude, and improve risk awareness towards COVID-19 among college students, and promote the effective prevention and control of campus epidemic. © 2021 Chinese Medical Journals Publishing House Co.Ltd. All rights reserved.

The Impact of COVID-19 on Road Traffic Accidents: A Case Study of Severely affected City in China

People's travel has changed greatly under the impact of COVID-19. However, it is controversial that whether traffic restrictions of COVID-19 have a positive or negative impact on traffic accidents. At present, there are few studies on the variations of traffic accidents under the impact of COVID-19 in China, and quantitative analysis is rare. Therefore, this study explores the traffic accidents characteristics of W city seriously affected COVID-19. Based on wavelet transform, traffic accident prediction model is established using property damage only accidents data to predict accident frequency without the impact of COVID-19. Compared with the actual traffic accidents frequency, this paper quantitatively analyzes the impact of COVID-19 on traffic accident. The results show that traffic accidents show a trend of decline-bottom-recovery;the frequency of accidents after the recovery is more than the previous year's level;compared with other periods in 2020, the proportion of injury accidents increased sharply during the period when traffic restrictions were gradually loose. The result of accident prediction shows that BP neural network has the best prediction effect. After the implementation of traffic restrictions, the frequency of accidents shows three stages: rapid decline, bottom and continuous rise. In the three stages, the frequency of property damage only accidents decreased by 379.06, 654.72 and 288.19 per day on average. © 2022 IEEE.

Exploring Constraints on Dialogic Interaction in Immersive Environments Arising from COVID-19 Protocols

This paper describes an independent research study undertaken by a high school student under the mentorship of a Research Scientist at the National Institute of Education, Singapore. It explores how dialogic interactions on a given Mathematical topic, decimals, can be constrained in the remote learning platform Zoom. This research utilises Laurillard's Conversational Framework for a small-scale intervention of two virtual learning sessions in Minecraft Education Edition, focusing on the decimal learning for primary school students. The study found that the overlapping of the immersive learning environment and remote learning platform engenders miscommunications, disorientation, and cognitive dissonance amongst both the teacher and the student, prolonging the discursive and adaptive phases in the dialogic interactions. © 2022 Immersive Learning Research Network.

Qualitative Evaluations of Obstetric Transport Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic

INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic drastically affected the emergency obstetric transport experience on a multidimensional level. The objective of this study is to understand how the pandemic has affected the physical and emotional health of these patients prior to, during, and after their transport to the University of New Mexico Hospital (UNMH). METHODS: Participants transported for emergency obstetric indications were recruited at UNMH. Patient informed consent, demographic questionnaires, interviews, and surveys were obtained and graded on a 5- point Likert scale. These were delivered in person, via telephone, or via Zoom software and securely recorded. English interviews were transcribed via Otter.ai, and interviews conducted in Spanish were manually translated. Institutional review board approval was obtained. RESULTS: Preliminary results consisted of 10 participants. A majority (90%) felt that they had a good experience with the transport service and 70% of the individuals felt that proper protocols were put in place to protect them from a COVID-19 exposure. However, 40% of respondents had concerns about their safety during the transport process and 50% had concerns about their baby's safety. Additionally, 60% of participants felt that COVID-19 overall had a negative effect on their transport experience. CONCLUSION: A significant portion of participants felt that the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative effect on their obstetric transport experience. Understanding the needs of these patients during the COVID-19 pandemic is important given the safety-restrictions that have been in place. This highlights the need for studies identifying barriers for patients during the transport process to improve the patient experience.

Clinical Characteristics and Laboratory Testing of Patients With COVID-19: A Retrospective Analysis

Objective: To explore the early warning signs of deterioration of patients with COVID-19. Methods: The data of thirty-six patients who were admitted to Handan Infectious Disease Hospital was collected. The clinical features and laboratory testing were analyzed retrospectively. The initial laboratory testing included blood chemistries, blood routine, D-dimer, coagulation function, etc. The patients were divided into mild/common group and severe/critical group. Results: The lymphocyte count, monocyte count, hemoglobin, and albumin levels in severe/critical group were lower compared with those in mild/common group, while the fibrinogen was higher. The lymphocyte count and monocyte count were positively correlated with hemoglobin, pre-albumin respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion, patients with lower initial prealbumin and hemoglobin level were more likely to progress into severe conditions. Decreased prealbumin and hemoglobin, combined with lymphocyte count and monocyte count, could be the early warning signs of deterioration of patients with COVID-19.

Unmanned Technology-Based Civil-Military Intelligent Logistics System : From Construction to Integration

The stockpiling, delivery, and provision of emergency material were in the public gaze of millions of people when the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) broke out. Civil-military integration emergency logistics silently opened up the "second battlefield" of anti-epidemic, and established a lifeline under that emergency situation. Research on the construction of civil-military integrated logistics system plays an extremely important role and occupies a significant position in ensuring social stability and security as well as the stable development of social economy in China. The modern economy driven by the Internet, Internet of Things, and big data demonstrates a rapid growing trend calling for efficient, fast, and convenient logistics. It is urgent to upgrade or build an intelligent logistics system with intelligent technology and unmanned technology as the core to meet the international and domestic market demand. As mentioned above, this paper analyzes and expounds the construction problem and practical significance of civil-military integration emergency logistics system based on unmanned technology, and puts forward the strategy of constructing civil-military integration emergency logistics system with unmanned technology under the new system. © 2022 Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology

Clinical characteristics of liver and kidney injuries and correlation with severity and mortality in patients with COVID-19

Objective To describe the clinical characteristics of liver and kidney injuries and investigate its effect on the severity and mortality in the COVID-19 patients.Methods A total of 3 548 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 hut without liver and kidney diseases admitted in the Huoshenshan Hospital, Jinyintan Hospital and Taikang Tongji Hospital from February 4, 2020 to April 16, 2020 were recruited in this study.Their clinical data were extracted from medical database, including general information, clinical features, laboratory results and outcomes such as death were collected and analyzed.SPSS statistics 23.0 was used to perform the statistical description and analysis.Results Among the 3 548 patients with COYID-19, 875 (24.7%) cases were severe illness and above and 91 (2.6%) died during hospitalization.The proportions of the patients with higher alanine amiotransferase ( ALT) , aspartate aminotransferase ( AST) and creatinine (Cr) were 14.6% (513/3 548) , 3.4% ( 1 19/3 548) and 2.8% ( 101/3 548), respectively.Compared with the patients with normal ALT, AST and Cr, the patients with elevated ALT did not have a significantly increased risk of severe illness or death ( /-∗>().05) , and the risk of severe illness and death was significantly increased in those with elevated AST and Cr ( P<0.05).The risk of severe disease was 2.32 times (95%CI: 1.73-3.10) and 1 1.40 times ( 95% CI: 2.36-54.98 ) for those with single or both liver and kidney injuries, and the risk of death was 5.21 times (95% CI: 3.10-8.75 ) and 13.53 times (95% CI: 2.76-66.32) for those with normal liver and kidney function, respectively.Logistic regression analysis indicated that after independent factors related to severe illness and death screened out as correction factors, the risk of severe illness and death was 1.612 times (95% CI: 1.17-2.22) and 2.907 times (95% CI: 1.61-5.24) of patients with liver or kidney injuries when compared with those with normal function, respectively.Conclusion The COYID-19 patients with liver and renal injuries have a significantly increased tendency to become severity and mortality, and should undergo early intervention. © 2021 Editorial Office of Journal of Third Military Medical University. All rights reserved.

Effects of transversus abdominis plane block on discharge timing after minimally invasive hysterectomy: A retrospective cohort study

Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to compare time to discharge for gynecologic oncology patients who received a postoperative transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block following minimally invasive hysterectomy and those who did not. Methods: We performed an Institutional Review Board-approved, retrospective, single institution study of all gynecologic oncology patients who underwent robotic-assisted total laparoscopic hysterectomy from January 2019 to May 2020. We compared a cohort of patients who received an immediate postoperative TAP block to a cohort of patients who did not. Primary outcomes included time to discharge and date of discharge. Secondary outcomes included postoperative pain scores, opioid use in morphine milligram equivalents (MME), postoperative complications, urgent care/emergency visits and readmissions. Linear regression models were performed to adjust for covariates. Statistical analysis was performed using R Version 3.6.3. Results: Of the 171 patients who underwent minimally invasive hysterectomy by the gynecologic oncology service during the study period, 73 (42.7%) received a postoperative TAP block and 98 (57.3%) did not. The two cohorts had similar demographics and characteristics. Patients who received a TAP block had a shorter time to discharge (1454 min vs 1634 min, P = 0.001), without increasing time spent in the operating room. Patients who received a TAP block were more likely to discharge on postoperative day 1 (POD1) compared to patients who did not (81% vs 65%, P = 0.01). Patients who received a TAP block had less opioid use in the recovery room (10 MME vs 25 MME, P = 0.002), however, no difference was seen in opioid use after discharge from the recovery room (16 MME vs 23 MME, P = 0.25). Highest recovery room pain score was lower in the TAP block group (4 vs 7, P = 0.002), however, pain scores were similar on POD1 (5 vs 5, P = 0.86). No differences were seen in postoperative complications, urgent care/emergency visits, or readmissions. Linear regression adjusted for potential confounders showed a significant decrease in median time to discharge of 26.9% in the TAP block cohort (ratio of median 0.731, 95% CI 0.594 to 0.899). Conclusions: Utilization of a postoperative TAP block shortened time to discharge after minimally invasive hysterectomy in our gynecologic oncology patients. Addition of this perioperative intervention may help mitigate hospital resources, which is especially advantageous during the COVID-19 pandemic when resources are limited.

Signal

Awaiting for light in the darkness(covid-19) is similar to searching for hope(normal life). The artwork is combined with the physical space, projection visual, laser light, smoke, represent as a "Cyber Sea". Present the emotions of people who looking for connection through real time computer animation (projection and laser light) in space. The way to interact with the work can be from the connection of people's mobile phone, or the audience who walks into the artwork. • Realtime: If the artwork senses people or receives a connection from the Internet, then the laser light will oscillate and reverberate in real time. Indicates that the signal was received or responded. Through images of projection visual presents the concept of a huge network with moving images such as coordinates, particles, gravity, and geometry. • Real Data: Visualize the latest Covid-19 diagnosis data in various countries every day and present them in the projection screen, symbolize the information impact of continuous updating and accumulation of information. • Connect: Each mobile devices connected to the work through the Internet, can project geometric dynamic images, include the IP data that symbolizes the uniqueness. • Interactive Instruction: (1) When audience walks into the artwork, there will be an irregular dynamic aperture around the audience, just like the received a signal. (2) The viewers can scan the QR Code on the work description with their mobile devices, and log in the interactive system. Follow the instruction and walk into the work to get the trajectory. Viewers can control the movement of various light points in the space thought internet signal transmission. © 2021 Owner/Author.

Clinical Characteristics and Laboratory Testing of Patients With COVID-19: A Retrospective Analysis

Objective: To explore the early warning signs of deterioration of patients with COVID-19. Methods: The data of thirty-six patients who were admitted to Handan Infectious Disease Hospital was collected. The clinical features and laboratory testing were analyzed retrospectively. The initial laboratory testing included blood chemistries, blood routine, D-dimer, coagulation function, etc. The patients were divided into mild/common group and severe/critical group. Results: The lymphocyte count, monocyte count, hemoglobin, and albumin levels in severe/critical group were lower compared with those in mild/common group. while the fibrinogen was higher. The lymphocyte count and monocyte count were positively correlated with hemoglobin, pre-albumin respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion, patients with lower initial prealbumin and hemoglobin level were more likely to progress into severe conditions. Decreased prcalbumin and hemoglobin, combincd with lymphocyte count and monocyte count, could be the early warning signs of deterioration of patients with COVID-19.

Construction and Empirical Study of Comprehensive Evaluation Index System of Online Teaching in the Period of COVID-19

The occurence of COVID-19 has directly led to the development of large-scale online teaching in China, and the quality of online teaching has become the focus of public attention. From the two dimensions of "evaluation of teaching"and "evaluation of learning", the article establishes an comprehensive evaluation index system of online teaching that includes three secondary indicators of "pre-class preparation", "in-class teaching"and "after-class feedback"with 12 evaluation factors. The empirical research on the online teaching of tourism and hotel majors shows that students both highly evaluate the online teaching platform and the effect of online teaching. It can be seen that teachers are fully prepared before class, they are responsible during the class, feedback is effective after class, and students have reached their learning goals and expectations. After COVID-19 is over, the "PAD + BOPPPS"teaching mode can be used to achieve a seamless connection from "online teaching"to "offline teaching". © 2021 IEEE.

NRG Oncology/Alliance LU005: A Phase II/III Randomized Study of Chemoradiation vs. Chemoradiation Plus Atezolizumab in Limited Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer

Clinical outcomes for limited stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) remain suboptimal. Standard of care chemoradiation with platinum/etoposide and thoracic radiation to 45 Gy delivered twice daily followed by prophylactic cranial irradiation yields a median overall survival of 30 months. LU005 is a randomized phase II/III trial designed to test the addition of atezolizumab to concurrent chemoradiation. Patients with LS-SCLC (Tx-T4, N0-N3, M0) are randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either standard chemoradiation, consisting of thoracic radiation (45 Gy twice daily or 66 Gy daily) with concurrent platinum/etoposide chemotherapy, or the experimental arm, consisting of the same chemoradiation regimen plus the addition of atezolizumab delivered concurrently with thoracic radiation, every 3 weeks for 12 months duration. Thoracic radiation begins with the second cycle of chemotherapy in both treatment arms. Stratification variables include radiation schedule (once daily vs. twice daily), chemotherapy (cisplatin vs. carboplatin), gender, and performance status (PS 0/1 vs. 2). Prophylactic cranial radiation is recommended for patients who have a response to treatment. The phase II primary endpoint is progression free survival (PFS) and the phase III primary endpoint is overall survival (OS). The overall sample size for phase II/III will be 506. Secondary endpoints include objective response rates, local control, distant metastases free, and quality of life. Correlative studies will include blood and tissue based tumor mutational burden analysis, with the hypothesis that higher mutational burden will predict for improved PFS in the experimental arm. As of 3/01/2021, 374 sites are approved to enroll patients. Two-hundred patients have been accrued. Current enrollment is ahead of projected accrual. LU005 is a randomized II/III trial testing the addition of atezolizumab to standard chemoradiation for LS-SCLC. Accrual remains robust in spite of the ongoing COVID 19 pandemic. Funding: This project was supported by grants U10CA180868 (NRG Oncology Operations), U10CA180822 (NRG Oncology SDMC), U24CA180803 (IROC) from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and Genentech. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Doing Remote Controlled Studies with Humans: Tales from the COVID Trenches

How should empirical researchers conduct controlled, remote 'lab' studies in the uncontrolled, noisy conditions of each participant's own home? Volatility in participant home environments, hardware, internet connection, and surrounding distractions takes the 'controlled' out of controlled studies. This paper recounts our in-The-Trenches mitigations for designing and conducting two complex controlled studies under COVID, in which participants, from home, interactively localized faults in an AI system. The studies with our COVID-era mitigations in 5 categories-Privacy/Security, Data Collection, Control, Technology Issues, Payment-ultimately produced crisp results beyond what we thought possible under such uncontrolled circumstances. © 2021 IEEE.

Uncertainty shocks and monetary policy: evidence from the troika of China's economy

Growth in China's economy is driven by the troika: consumption, investment and export. This paper examines the effect of uncertain events such as the global financial crisis in 2008, and the COVID-19 pandemic on the troika. Based on the construction of a new uncertainty index of China's economy, the relationship between uncertainty and growth in the troika is examined by using a TVP-VAR model. Results show that fluctuations in the uncertainty index during the COVID-19 epidemic had the greatest negative impact on consumption and investment at a magnitude of -0.27, notably greater than that during the period of the global financial crisis. The negative impact on export reached -0.73, smaller than that during the global financial crisis. Against a backdrop of the novel coronavirus epidemic, it is also found that expansionary monetary policies can have a relatively large impact on investment and export, reaching 1.75 and 1.57 respectively, while short-term impact on consumption is relatively weak, averaging at 0.51.